Predator-prey interactions define the form and function of ecosystems. Predators limit prey densities and shape prey behaviour. In the Anthropocene, humans are reshaping the risks and opportunities available to animals, altering animal behaviour and decision making, with consequences for ecological interactions. In this talk, I discuss how animals navigate recognising and responding to risk in the environment with a focus on animal cognition. I’ll discuss a case study that explores how animals altering their behaviour in response to human induced risk cascades to alter predator-prey interactions. I make the case that species interactions in the Anthropocene differ greatly from those of the recent past, taking place between novel species (e.g., introduced species), with novel behaviors (e.g., temporal activity patterns), on novel stages (e.g., cities).